Main Article Content


This study examines the influence of distractors in multiple-choice tasks on test quality. Using a sample of N = 128 students, three versions of a test were compared in which the answer “None of the above” was used either as a distractor, as a correct answer, or not at all. The results show that the presence of this answer increases test difficulty and distractor efficiency without significantly affecting selectivity or reliability. These results indicate that the option “None of the above” does not worsen test quality, at least as long as it is used with caution.


Article Details